Construction of Transformer Quiz – 23 Questions in 20 Minutes | Electrical Zindagi
⚠️ Attention: This quiz consists of 23 questions to be answered within 20 minutes. Negative marking of ¼ point per wrong answer applies.
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Important one liner (construction of transformer)
- A transformer transfers electrical energy between circuits by electromagnetic induction.
- It consists of two or more coils called windings wrapped around a magnetic core.
- The primary winding is connected to the input power source.
- The secondary winding delivers the transformed voltage to the load.
- Silicon steel laminations minimize eddy current losses in the core.
- Core is built in E-I or C shape laminations stacked together.
- Windings are insulated from each other and from the core.
- Conservator tank provides space for oil expansion due to temperature changes.
- Tap changers adjust the turns ratio to regulate the output voltage.
- HV winding uses more turns of thinner wire than LV winding.
- Windings are held in place with clamps to withstand short-circuit forces.
- Buchholz relay detects internal faults by sensing gas accumulation.
- Oil acts as both coolant and dielectric medium inside the tank.
- Radiators help dissipate heat generated during operation.
- Breather filled with silica gel removes moisture from incoming air.
- Magnetic core provides a low reluctance path for magnetic flux.
- Shield winding reduces electrostatic coupling between primary and secondary.
- Porcelain bushings insulate winding leads passing through the tank.
- Grounding the tank prevents dangerous touch voltages.
- Low-loss grain-oriented steel improves efficiency at power frequencies.
- Oil level gauge indicates proper ordering of insulating oil.
- Pressure relief valve vents excessive internal pressure.
- Core bolts clamp the laminations tightly to prevent vibration.
- Magnetic flux is confined within the core to avoid leakage.
- Cooling fans can be fitted when natural oil circulation is insufficient.
- High-voltage transformers use porcelain or composite insulators.
- Lead ducts guide conductor leads through oil to bushings safely.
- Δ-Y and Y-Δ connections provide phase shift and grounding options.
- Neutral grounding resistor controls fault currents during earth faults.
- Silica gel breather turns pink when saturated and needs replacement.
- Core clamping frame provides mechanical strength under load.
- Main tank is welded from high-quality steel plates for leak tightness.
- Oil sampling valve allows periodic oil testing without opening tank.
- Thermal oil thermometer indicates winding temperature rise.
- Mechanical tap changer uses diverter switch to change taps off-load.
- On-load tap changer operates under full voltage without de-energizing.
- Impulse voltage withstand tested per international standards.
- Transformer efficiency exceeds 98 % at full load in power transformers.
- Cooling ducts in the core improve natural oil circulation.
- Noise reduction achieved by rubber pads under the tank.
- Lightning arresters protect against overvoltage transients.
- Transformer oil is tested for dielectric strength and moisture content.
- Multiple earthing points ensure safety and reduce noise.
- Magnetic shunts reduce inrush currents during energization.
- Oil-immersed bushings allow safe passage of conductors through tank walls.
- Fire walls limit spread of fire in banked installations.
- Protective relays trip the circuit breaker on fault detection.
- Vibration dampers minimize mechanical oscillations under load.
- Oil surge arrester mitigates pressure surges during switching.
Keywords: transformer construction, transformer parts, transformer core, transformer windings, transformer oil cooling, tap changer, Buchholz relay, power transformer design, electrical transformer components, transformer efficiency optimization